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Dust Mite Allergy: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Overview

Dust mite allergy is a common allergic reaction to tiny creatures that live in house dust. These creatures are called dust mites, and they feed on dead skin cells. Dust mites are found in all homes, but they are more common in warm, humid climates.

Causes

Dust mite allergy is caused by an allergic reaction to the proteins in dust mite feces. When a person with a dust mite allergy inhales these proteins, their immune system overreacts and produces antibodies. These antibodies then attach to cells in the body and release chemicals that cause allergy symptoms.

Symptoms

The most common symptoms of dust mite allergy are: * Sneezing * Runny nose * Itchy, watery eyes * Nasal congestion * Difficulty breathing * Wheezing * Coughing * Fatigue * Headaches

Diagnosis

Dust mite allergy is diagnosed through a skin prick test or a blood test. A skin prick test involves pricking the skin with a needle that has been coated with dust mite allergen. If the person is allergic to dust mites, a small bump will form at the site of the prick. A blood test can also be used to diagnose dust mite allergy.

Treatment

There is no cure for dust mite allergy, but there are a number of treatments that can help to reduce symptoms. These treatments include: * Avoidance of dust mites * Medication * Immunotherapy

Avoidance of Dust Mites

The best way to reduce dust mite exposure is to avoid them. This can be done by: * Using dust mite covers on pillows, mattresses, and box springs * Washing bedding in hot water (at least 130 degrees Fahrenheit) * Vacuuming carpets and floors frequently * Using a dehumidifier to reduce humidity * Avoiding upholstered furniture * Keeping pets out of the bedroom

Medication

There are a number of medications that can be used to treat dust mite allergy symptoms. These medications include: * Antihistamines * Decongestants * Nasal sprays * Leukotriene modifiers * Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that helps the body to become less allergic to dust mites. This treatment involves giving the person a series of injections of dust mite allergen. The injections are given over a period of time, and they gradually increase in strength. Immunotherapy can be effective in reducing dust mite allergy symptoms, but it can take several months to years to work.

Conclusion

Dust mite allergy is a common allergic reaction that can cause a variety of symptoms. There is no cure for dust mite allergy, but there are a number of treatments that can help to reduce symptoms. The best way to reduce dust mite exposure is to avoid them. This can be done by using dust mite covers on pillows, mattresses, and box springs, washing bedding in hot water, vacuuming carpets and floors frequently, and using a dehumidifier to reduce humidity. There are also a number of medications that can be used to treat dust mite allergy symptoms. These medications include antihistamines, decongestants, nasal sprays, leukotriene modifiers, and immunotherapy.